Some Useful Linux/UNIX (and VMS) Commands

This appendix lists some Linux/Unix commands and their VMS equivalents on ATNF computers (these may include special commands only available on these computers). This list is in no way complete and the online man command should be used for further information. We follow tradition here and list the VMS command first.

VMS	Unix	VMS operation performed
Directories
directory	ls	list directory contents
set default [dirname]	cd	change directory to dirname
sd [dirname]	cd	local alias for set default
set default [-]	cd ..	change to directory above present one
show default	pwd	print current directory pathname
$\equiv$ show default
create/dir [.dir1]	mkdir	create subdirectory dir1
delete dir1.dir;	rmdir	delete subdirectory (must be empty)
show quota	quota	display your disk quota

Files
copy file1 file2	cp	copy file contents from file1 to file2
rename file1 file2	mv	move contents of file1 to file2
purge file1		delete copies of file1 except for the most recent
delete file1;version	rm	delete file1, version number must be specified
delete *	rm *	delete globally
delete/confirm	rm -i	request confirmation before deleting files
type file1	cat	print contents of file1 to screen
sort file1 [file2]	sort	sort file1 into file2 - if file2 is not specified, command will create another version of file1
diff file1 file2	diff	compares text files and displays difference
sho protection	ls -l	show permissions on files

Printing and Batch Jobs

print file1

lwp

print file1

different printers are available on ATNF computers (for Unix, just use the command chooser), at Narrabri the most common are:

print/queue=laser_colour	colour printer
print/queue=laser_p1	1 portrait page per sheet
print/queue=laser_p2	2 portrait pages per sheet
print/queue=laser_l1	1 landscape page per sheet

laser[a]file1

lp

print PostScript file (assumes .lsr extension)

sho queue queuename

lwq/lpq

display printer queue

del/entry=n

cancel n

remove entry number n from any print queue

sho queue

display all printer queues

submit file1

batch

submit file1 to batch queue

qb[a]

show batch queues

qs[a]

show printer queues

System
finger[a]	finger	provide information on users
users[a]	who	same as finger but a different format
sho users	w	lists all logged on users and processes
sho symbol symname	alias	show symbol assignment
sho logical logname	printenv	show logical name assignment
sho process	ps	lists processes running
sho quota	quota	summary of your disk usage
sho dev d	df	shows all disks and their total usage
sho dev /m		shows mounted devices to the disk
sho dev d/full		shows full information about the disk

Miscellaneous
sho time	date	display time
sho date	date	display date
search file1 string	grep	search for string in file1
stop proc/id=n	kill n	kill process number n
stop process_name		kill process process_name, but process has to be in the same group as you)
sho proc/priv	groups	display your privileges
set password	passwd	change your password
who[a]	whoami	displays username, $\equiv$ sho process
help	man	display help